| The attention to groundwater flows by ELOISE and IMPACTS has been restricted, but illuminating. Sampling by SUBGATE showed that contaminant deposits to terrestrial surfaces can emerge many decades later in coastal waters after transmission through groundwaters. CFC’s used as tracers and observed in groundwaters below the Kiel Bight suggest re-emergence of waters of terrestrial origin in the Baltic after over 50 years. The great difficulty in generalising this information, however, is the high variability in such flows.
EROS-21 examined the transfer of compounds from sediments to the water column, and further to shelf sediments and to the deep water sediments (Matias
et al.). Whilst in the Black Sea processes are notably efficient due to sulphide scavenging and lateral transport of metal, and whilst there is limited mixing of deep waters in the special case of the Black Sea, the processes regulating dissolved iron migration, and the central role of anoxic conditions, are generic features with application beyond the Black Sea.
CFC (Chlorofluorocarbons)
Manmade chemicals containing chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. CFCs are used for industrial purposes and in the home for refrigeration, air conditioning, aerosols, foam blowing, and chemical solvents. CFCs alter the greenhouse effect by absorbing additional solar radiation. CFCs also destroy the protective ozone layer in the atmosphere that shields the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
See Glossary for a complete list of all terms. |
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